allaboutravelling.comHow to get to London by airplane
Because the status of metropolis that it is, London is the most common destination in the world when it comes to flying.
London (all airports code: LON) has a total of five airports. Traveling between the city and the airport is quite easy due to the large number of public transport links built over the years. However, if transited London, make sure you go and check where the airport where they landed for transportation in the city consume a lot of time. Besides the five official airports (of which only two are located in the Greater London area), there are several regional airports that are accessible from London. Because it offers a number of economic flights, their choice may be cheaper (maybe even faster, depending on where in London is the destination). To travel directly between London’s airports, the fastest way (except taxi) is a service of the National Express bus directly. Buses between Heathrow, Gatwick, Luton Standsted and travel at least once every hour, 65min duration being between Heathrow and Gatwick (£ 18) and 90min from Heathrow and Standsted (£ 20.50) (Please note: flights between Stansted and Luton run every 2 hours). However, it is essential to keep time in addition to the M25 and M1 motorways because roads are often very busy. Buses have toilets on board.
Heathrow Airport
Heathrow is the largest airport in London and in Europe and the world’s busiest airport in terms of number of passengers transiting, with services available in most major airports worldwide. Currently, 4 of 5 terminals are operational-T2 is closed until 2014 for landing at Heathrow extindere.Zborurile are often delayed by up to an hour as a result of air traffic congestion and crowded landing areas. For things to become even more complicated Airlines flying to Heathrow currently playing “musical chairs” as the delegation for the new terminal gates are passed, making it more necessary for passengers to check their terminal and gate that in advance.
London Gatwick
The second airport in London, serving a large number of flights worldwide.
London Stansted
The third London airport, the economic race of many companies (such as EasyJet, Ryanair and AirAsia) and flights in Europe and some international flights. There are some places that have wi-fi in the airport but the prices are very mari.Exista an area of ??the facility near poatra landing near the phone booths offering Internet access.
London Luton
It was perceived as a holiday charter airport, but now is companies with flights folositid and economic as well as Stansted, and for the same reasons, many prefer to spend the night here before flying, First Capital Connect operates trains though non-stop.
London City Airport
A commuter airport for the city’s financial district aproapte, and specializes in short course of business to other European cities. Not as expensive as it used to be, and this can be confirmed, it became perhaps the most expensive airport to fly to, without considering the money saved by not living in the larger airports, but apart whose transportation cost is £ 10 +. Then add the advantage that is close to central London.
How to get to London by rail
London is the center of the British railway network, every major city with railway link to the British capital, and even small provincial town has railway lines to London, although the quality and frequency varies from place to place.
London has an international network of high speed railway (sponsored by Eurostar) to Paris time being and to Brussels 1h50min 2h15min, down under water for 35km through the English Channel and reaching the surface in England. Ends at St.. Pancras International Station. Other rail services, there are no fewer than 12 National Rail lines which is different from the main line and underground services, travel planning can be done online or by phone. Except Fenchurch St, all stations are underground London. Most of the circular line.
By car
London is about the British road service and is accessible so although driving inside the city center is not recommended. Greater London is surrounded by the M25 road, they use trucks to major routes to the rest of England and Wales. The main roads are shown Jost:
* M1: The main road to / from the north, starts from the East Midlands, Leeds Yorkshire and ends. More importantly, the longest highway splits M1 M6 British Rugby, leading to Birmingham, Liverpool, Manchester, Lake District and to the border with Scotland to sfarseasa in Glasgow.
* A1/A1 (M) A1 is the original “Great Road North” between capitals of Scotland and England and that was mainly brought to highway standards. Continue on the east side of Great Britain in Peterborough, York, Newcastle and go north through Northumberland and the Scottish border to Edinburgh.
* M40/A40: Reach in north west London, linking the capital and Oxford and providing additional contact with Birmingham.
* M4: main road to / from the West goes to Bath, Bristol and towns in South Wales (Cardiff and Swansea). It is also the main route to Heathrow Airport.
* M3: The main road to London from the port of Southampton.
* M2/M20: Together, these roads are the main links to ferries on the coast (and tunnel) from the ports of Dover and Folkston in Continental Europe.
* M11: M11 connects with London Stansted Airport and Cambdridge, and ends on the outskirts of north eastern city.
In addition to M25, there are two inner rings crossing the central London:
• A406/A205 Circcular North / South Circular North Circular is the circle in the north to the Thames and is mainly a two lane road. It has direct links with the M4, M40, M1 and M11 and may be useful if you want to move quickly in suburtbiile north of the city. Southern correspondent is actually made up of a local road suburban road segments. The two roads are connected to the eastern end of the circle in North Woolwich / Woolwich Woolwich Arsenal by free ferries that run at about 10-15 minutes. Note, however, the ferry can carry a limited number of vehicles, so avoid busy periods, because the queues are very long. Not travel by ferry at 10pm, so it is best to go through Blackwall Tunnel Docklands and use.
Few people would drive in or near central London. Infamous M25 ring did not earn the nickname “The Road to Hell” and “largest fleet of England” for nothing. The road is often blocked during the day and speed limit varies and is set by the camera recording. Despite the controversial congestion charges, driving your car anywhere near London remains a nightmare with blocked roads, impatient drivers and huge parking fees (if it can find a parking place!). Parcatul city is free after 6:30 PM Monday through Friday after 1:30 PM Saturday and all day Sunday.
How you move in London
The city has one of the most orderly public transport systems in the world. While residents complain that they are effective, public transport remains the best travel option for both locals and visitors and is more reliable than you might think the locals make. In fact, almost one third of families do not feel the need to purchase a car. In central London transport combine listed below, and check your map! In many cases you can walk from one point to another, or using the bus. Wear you like a London Underground and use only for long distances, you have come to see London, you can not see underground!
Transport for London (TfL) is a governmental organization responsible for public transport. Their website contains excellent maps and trip planning. We also offer a line of information that runs 24 hours, local tax: tel +44-20-72221234 (or SMS 60 835) for suggestions about how to get from A to B punch, and related information services. Fortunately for visitors and residents there is a single ticket, Oyster, which allows you to change the types of transport with one ticket.
The main types of transport at a glance:
a.Centrul London
Metro 11 color coded lines covering the central area and suburbs, especially in the north of the Thames.
The Docklands Light Railway (DLR), works only in the east, sponsored by TfL network.
With boats for commuters and pleasure flights over the Thames, sponsored by TfL network.
Airport Express railway serving airports Heathrow, Gatwick, Stansted and Luton (tickets usually sell at premium), private employers, not part of the TfL network
b.Londra suburban
By tram (Tramlink) a service that works only in the southern suburbs of Wimbledon and Croydon.
The Overground – 3 in orange colored lines that encircle the northern and eastern suburbs.
The National Rails – a complex network of suburban feroviane services, through the southern suburbs, the private, not part of TfL, although accept Oyster pay system.
Oyster Card
Oyster is an electronic card of TfL. Generally Oyster is the most efficient in terms of cost, is more advantageous than paper tickets if you plan to stay in London more than a few days, or if you intend to make repeat visits to the city-savings will cover the cost of buying . Can be purchased at any metro station at a cost of £ 3. You can buy a card ‘Visitor Oyster’ priced at £ 2, although these cards may only be used to pay on the spot and can not be loaded for 7 days. You can load the card with electronic funds. This money will be deducted depending on where you travel. The cost of using the Oyster card travel alone is cheaper than a ticket. Prices vary by distance or by bus or subway and depending on time of day. You can and add various features such as subscription to a week, a month or more, validating the card every time you use it. Money deposited will be returned in full if you return the card at the end of the trip. However, the card has no expiration date and credit for payment on the spot. If you have cash left on the card at the end of the journey they will be returned. Be prepared to sign a receipt or will show you the documents to return larger amounts of a few pounds.
Pay-as-you-go (PrePay)
You can load the Oyster card with cash electronically to each automatic tickets or any counter (you can even use credit cards to pay if avetin PIN) with Oyster pay-as-you-go, sunoscut as PrePay . The money will be deducted each time you use a service camd. Payment is calculated based on the starting point and the destination. Pay-as-you-go is cheaper than paying with cash every time you travel. For example, bus fee is £ 2 while the Oyster is just £ 1.20, payment for a metro area is 4 pounds, while the Oyster is £ 1.80. The amount deducted from your card in a day is much lower than if you bought paper tickets on the same route. For Zones 1-2 (including the Circle Line downtown and a few other places outside) the fee is £ 5.60 (£ 7.20 Monday to Friday).
In the subway, make sure you validate your card and climb and descent. If you forget to do this you will be penalized. Oyster card will save you time when using the bus. Dana did not have you should buy tickets from machines in the center or the driver for outdoor areas.
Cards travel Travelcards
A travel card can be loaded or Oyster card can be bought in the form of ticket.
* One day Travelcard-areas 1-2 – £ 7.20 at any time, in off-peak £ 5.60
* 7 days-zones Travelcard 1-2 – £ 25.80
* Monthly Travelcard-areas 1-2 – £ 99.10
* Annual Travelcard Zonele1-2 – £ 1032.00
Travelcard tickets seasonal
Weekly, monthly or longer periods, seasonal tickets can be purchased at all subway stations. These can be in any metro folostie, DLR, bus, London Overground, National Rail or tram. When you buy should establish a range of areas in which you will use, numbered 1 to 9.Daca happen to travel outside the areas selected, you can use to pay the difference PrePay. Note that these can not be used for Airport Express trains (Heathrow Express, Gatwick Express siStansted Express). However, a subscription 1-6 Travelcard for zones can be used on London Underground Piccadilly line to and from Heathrow airport.
Tips
* Touch the yellow card disk, displayed at the entrance and exit of the subway (do not try to insert it into the camera) and buses and trams.
* Docklands Light and train stations in marginal city’s Overground no entry or exit doors (except for ties with the Bank or Statford subway), so you must ensure that touch the Oyster card reader (which is clearly marked ) when you enter and exit. If you do not do that when you enter you will be fined if caught. If you do not confirm the output will be also required to pay extra for travel, because the system will require a sum of four pounds, because I do not know what station you entered.
* Theoretically, you should not remove the card from your wallet or purse to keep it touch the reader, since in reality you may need to unplug it to work, be careful when doing this especially if you still have any card (eg card service) that can disrupt access machines.
* Be careful when you stand next validation machines in buses moving because they are quite sensitive and can validate the card even if you do not want that.
* If you hold the card in your wallet try not to sit on it because they can break and not working.
Metro
London underground – known as’ The Tube’ does London trains which cross to form the largest underground network in the world (is the first front lines dating from 1863). Metro is an easy method of transport even for recent arrivals in London.
Label the subway
* Beware of thieves
* Drinking or smoking is illegal everywhere in the subway
* When using escalators, stationed on the right to allow people who are quick to pass. If you sit on the left, people will ask in a rude way to give in especially at peak hours when commuters hurry.
* Allow passengers to exit before boarding your right or left door Sitting in the train
* Prepare the card or ticket before boarding stairs so as not to obstruct the barriers
* Pay attention to the ticket barrier for people not to come behind you trying to pass on your ticket. This is not a big problem, but it happens.
* Some platforms have an area the words “Beware of Space” written on the platform. When the train stops doors usually aligns with this warning.
* Give up your place or the elderly who can not stand, especially if you sit on a seat.
* Never try to climb / descend when warning (beep repeatedly) is heard. Many of the old trains have sensors to detect if the doors are locked so you can remain stuck, although the train can not start if the doors are still Desh.
By rail
British railway system is known as “National Rails” (although some older signs call it “British Railways”). Suburban railway system is owned by a large number of private companies and managed mainly in the south, away from the eyes of tourists. Only one line (Thameslink) through central London, the north-south axis between London Bridge and Blackfriars, and the underground station St. Pancras. There is no central station, instead of the main lines are 12 stations in the central area, mostly related to the Circle line (out of Euston, Fenchurch St and the south of the river to London Waterloo and London Bridge). Most visitors do not need to foloseasta National Rails services except certain destinations like Hampton Court, Kew Gardens (Kew Bridge), Windsor Castle, Greenwich and airports, or if you want to visit other cities in the United Kingdom. January 2, 2010, Oyster cards are accepted on all routes in zones 1-6 of London.
By bus
The famous red buses are recognized worldwide, although traditional Routemaster with open platforms and conductors on board to collect taxes were eliminated. They still operate on the route Hetutage 9 and 15 daily between 9:30 AM and 6:30 PM, every 15 minutes. Metro buses are faster than for short distances (less than 2 stops by metro), and outside Central London are likely to be closer to a bus stop than a subway. On the same busy routes, very long bus called “bendy buses” are used.
Over 5 million journeys are made every day aotobuzul the week, with over 700 different bus routes you are never far from a bus. Each bus stop is marked routes that stop there. Bus routes are identified with numbers and sometimes letters, for example 73 run between Victoria and Seven Sisters. Yellow signs indicate that you must have ticket before boarding. You must have either an Oyster card pay-as-you-go, Travelcars seasonal ticket, bus ticket, bus permit, or to buy a ticket from a vending machine. These machines do not provide otherwise (another reason to use other options). From 11 years up to show the Oyster card on buses, although travel is free. Student Oyster (only for students in London) works up to 18 years and although travel is free if you show a card fined £ 2.
By tram (Tramlink)
Tramlink, opened in 2000 is the first modern tram system that works in London. South is poorly covered by the subway lines and rail services so it lacks tram network connects Wimbledon in south west London and Beckenham and New Addington in the south east, a large residential neighborhood in South Croydon. Network centered in Croydon, Croydon where travel around the circle.
Route 3 (Wimbledon to New Addington – green on the map Tramlink) is the most common service runing every 7 and a half minutes Monday to Saturday daytime and every 15 minutes rest time. Beckenham is crossed by lines 1 and 2 (red and yellow on the map Tramlink), which ends at Elmers End and Beckenham Junction respectively.
Both lines run around the Loop via West Croydon every 10 minutes Monday to Saturday daytime and every 30 minutes rest time. Between Arena and Sandilands, these two lines run at the same stations.
London History
The Romans founded Londinium in 43 AD the purpose of a clay deposit on the banks of the Thames reserve. Despite frequent attacks – not least from Queen Boudicca, who had organized in 61 AD – Port became secure in its position in the capital of Roman Britain at the end of the century. London expansion really began in the eleventh century, when it became the residence of the last successful invader of Britain, Duke of Normandy who became William I of England (known as the Conqueror). Crowned king of England in Westminster Abbey, William built the White Tower – the centerpiece of the Tower of London – to establish its domination over the population merchant class who recently made London one of the most powerful cities of Europe.
Little remains of medieval London or tudoriana. Many of the finest buildings were destroyed in a few days in 1666 when the Great Fire of London wiped out more than 13,000 houses and nearly 90 churches, completing a cycle of destruction began a year before the Great Plague, which killed 1,000 people. The first beneficiary from the fire was Sir Christopher Wren, who was charged with redesigning the city and to live up to the challenge with masterpieces such as St Paul’s Cathedral and the Royal Naval Hospital in Greewich.
Much of London’s architecture was built during the Victorian Georgiana and, during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, when large structures were built to reflect the city’s status as the administrative and financial settlement of the British Empire. However, compared with many other European capitals, much of London looks bland, partly because of German raids and bombings from the time of the Second World War, and partially because of developments that made the city chaotic postwar with a kind of mediocrity of concrete and glass modern architecture that gives a bad name.
London’s special atmosphere not of its buildings, but of life on its streets. A cosmopolitan city since sec. XVII, it was a place of refuge for Huguenot immigrants who escaped persecution by Louis XIV of France, today is truly multicultural, with over a third of its population coming from overseas permanently. Last hundred years saw the arrival of hundreds of thousands of people in the Caribbean, Indian subcontinent, the Mediterranean and the Far East, all of which are an integral part in defining the metropolis that is unmatched in its diversity.
London sights
London attracts a great number of visitors and tourists and is an expensive place to visit. However, there are many interesting sights to see and even with a lower budget. The most visited tourist attractions are found in central London. Plan your day well London is a big place, and if you are not careful you can spend most of the day traveling.
Worth to book or buy tickets in advance for major attractions and sights of London – including the Tower of London – this will save time – standing in queues can take hours – you can usually reserve online travel website that objective .
Madame Tussauds
Called ‘tourist attraction in London’, statues of Madame Tussaud Wax Museum has delighted visitors from the first permanent exhibition in 1835.
About Madame Tussauds Wax Museum and its
Marie Tussaud (1761 – 1850), born in Strasbourg, France, learned the art of sculpture from her mother’s employee, a physician skilled in wax sculpture. Dr. Philippe Curtius, was one of the first to also exhibited works of art, an exhibition opening in 1776. Young Marie made her first sculpture at the age of 16, French Enlightenment writer attracting attention, Francois Voltaire.
The first exhibition on their own took place on Baker Street in 1835, followed by the famous collection “House horrors” in 1845, where Madame Tussaud presented a collection of mortuary masks that had made victims of the guillotine during the French Revolution in Paris. Meanwhile, many pleasant things added to his collection. In 1884, several decades after his death, the wax museum ‘Madame Tussauds’ has moved into place today, on Marylebone Road, London, where millions of people have queued for hours to watch his work and that of his successors.
The current museum has undergone a fire in 1925, when they lost many statues. However, casts remained intact, and some pieces have been recreated. Today is one of the most visited attractions in London, and during peak tourist season, it’s normal to see long lines that stretch the whole street. Museum expansion across the waters began in 1970 when he opened a branch in Amsterdam. Today has branches in many more cities, including Las Vegas, New York, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Washington DC and Hollywood.
What you see
Tussaud and her successors have created thousands of lines by famous people. Visitors can see world leaders, actors / actresses, sports legends, famous writers and artists, religious figures, musicians and many other characters. In addition, there are several thematic sections in the museum, including ‘House horrors “and a taxi ride through history.
While the museum in London is intentionally a hint British visitors from around the world will recognize most of the characters.
Until recently, was also home to Madame Tussaud in London Planetarium. However, it was closed and replaced with a show known as ‘The Wonderful World of the stars’, a 360-degree extravaganza produced by Aardman, the creators of ‘Wallace and Gromit’ and ‘Chicken Run’. The visuals are amazing!
Interesting details
– Each individual strand of hair is inserted, and takes about 5 weeks to be completed each head.
– Two teams of maintenance and inspects each figure dolled up every day before the museum was open.
– To add authenticity portraits of Madame Tussauds in New York, many artifacts were donated by celebrities or were bought at auctions.
– All the portraits were washed hair and makeup retouched regularly.
– The first private meeting with the star to create the wax figure, takes about six months to be completed.
– Over 250 precise measurements and photographs are taken to create a portrait subject accurately in wax.
– All vital statistics are confidential celebrity, despite repeated requests from the public and the media.
– Because of the shrinking wax figures are made with 2% higher than those actually are.
– Over 500 million people worldwide have visited Madame Tussauds, which is more than the population of North America and Australia combined.
– Since 1900, the British royal family posed for portraits on a regular basis to ‘Madame Tussauds’. The tradition continues today and includes a meeting with Diana, Princess of Wales, made only a few months before it died.
London Eye
A recent tourist attraction, but is already very popular London Eye, a giant observation wheel, located in Jubilee Gardens, on the southern shore. Structure 135 feet high was built as part of the new millennium celebration in London.
History
Since opening in March 2000, the London Eye has become a symbol of modern Britain. It is a tourist attraction that brings the most money, visited by over 3.5 million people annually.
Featuring a stunning blend of design and engineering, passengers in the London Eye capsules can see up to 30 kilometers in all directions.
London Eye is the vision of David Marks and Julia Barfield, a husband and wife team of architects. Wheel design was used as a metaphor for the end of the twentieth century, while turning in a new millennium.
In 2000, he was known as the Millennium Wheel. At that time, British Airways was the main sponsor, and by November 2005, Marks Barfield Architects was associated with The Tussauds Group and. British Airways London Eye on the project financed from the early stages of design.
Creating London Eye
Building London Eye was a major challenge. It is the tallest observation wheel with one fixed point in the world, rising high above the horizon in the London of his 135 meters. It is a bold and innovative piece of revolutionary design that combines the best of design, architecture and exceptional engineering team of British experts.
Capsules
London Eye capsules passenger incorporates a totally new form for the observation wheel. Instead of being suspended under the wheel, they rotate inside of the circular support rings, fixed outside the main frame. The result is a panoramic 360 degree view from the highest point staggering.
London Eye has 32 capsules, each one held for representation in Parliament. The capsules are 360 ??degree views, a heating and cooling system and benches for sitting.
Cables
Any visitor to the London Eye is amazed at the incredible six cables that hold the wheel in place. And then, if you look up, you will see stretching frame and wheel. Includes 16 cables and 64 rotating frame cable-range, similar to bicycle spokes that hold the frame connected to the central axis.
Foundation
The main foundation for the London Eye is situated under the feet of the A frame shape, requiring 2,200 tons of cement and 44 concrete blocks – each with 33 meters deep. The second foundation, the tension that holds the cables behind the wheel, requiring 1,200 tons of cement.
Shaft
The London Eye is the great center hub and spindle. The main elements were made of cast steel. The shaft itself was too large to be cast in one piece, so that was made into eight smaller sections. Two subsequent molding the form of large rings, forming the main structural element of the hub. The hub is a steel tube that holds all the pieces together. All castings were made by Skoda Steel.
Find out more
– It took seven years and the skills of hundreds of people from five countries to build the London Eye.
– You can see up to 40 kilometers away from the top, right up to Windsor Castle on a clear day.
– London Eye receives an average of 3.5 million visitors a year. It would take 6680 aircraft of British Airways Boeing 747-400 full to accommodate this number of tourists.
– It can carry 800 passengers in a motion of revolution – equivalent to 11 London red buses with two floors.
– Each of the 32 capsules weighs 10 tonnes. To imagine is the equivalent of one pound coins 1052631!
– Each movement of rotation takes about 30 minutes, meaning a capsule travels at a speed of 26 centimeters per second or 0.9 miles per hour – twice as fast as a tortoise in the race, allowing passengers to climb and descend without the wheel to stop.
– Wheel circumference is 424 feet – that means if it held, would be 1.75 times longer than the tallest building in the UK – One Canada Square in Canary Wharf pier.
– Total weight of the wheel and capsules is 2,100 tonnes – the equivalent of black London taxi 1272!
– London Eye height is 135 meters (as red phone boxes 64 placed one upon another), the fourth tallest structure in London after the BT Tower, Tower 42 and One Canada Square in Canary Wharf pier.
– Shaft wheel support structure and a hub rotates around the axis. At 23 meters, the axis approaches the size of a church bell, and with the hub, weighs 330 tons, 20 times heavier than Big Ben.
Parliament buildings
Originally built for Edward the Confessor now more than 1,000 years, Parliament Buildings, or the Palace of Westminster, remained the main residence of British monarchs for the next 400 years. He became the administrative center of the country. In 1834 the Great Fire burned everything, apart from Westminster Hall, and the present Gothic building was completed in 1840. It may be famous for its clock tower, St. Stephen, which is often mistakenly called Big Ben, named after the clock inside. Although Parliament is closed to visitors during the session, is another popular tourist attraction because of its exterior architecture.
London Tower
London Tower is famous for its traditions as its imposing structure. It is guarded by special troops of guards Yeoman, known as Beefeaters, equipped with lots of big black birds – ravens. Legend says that if the ravens ever leave the Tower, a great tragedy will befall England, and today the birds are protected by a royal decree. Tower history dates back to sec. XI, and each monarch has played a role in growth and development. Also hosts the British crown jewels, a spectacular exhibition of some of the finest gemstones in the world. The tower is near Tower Bridge, another hallmark of London.
Westminster Abbey
Westminster Abbey is a Gothic church in London, where traditional coronation and burial for English monarchs. Neither a cathedral nor a parish church, Westminster Abbey is the place of prayer held by the royal family.
Located near the Parliament buildings in the heart of London, Westminster Abbey should be seen by every tourist who visits London. With parts dating from 1050, presents the most glorious medieval architecture in London. Because of its royal connections, was exempt from general attack of King Henry VIII during the Reformation the monastery buildings. The interior is a true museum of English history. Some attractions include medieval coronation throne, Poets Corner, with memorials to William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens and other giants of literature, and the tombs of Queen Elizabeth I, the bloody Queen Mary, the explorer David Livingstone and the naturalist Charles Darwin.
Historical
Church history begins in 1050, when King Edward the Confessor decided to build a church. Only a fraction of the original Norman monastery, consecrated in 1065, has remained until today. The only representation of the original buildings Bayeux tapestry is.
Much of the current building dates from 1245 until 1272, when King Henry III decided to rebuild the church in Gothic style. Large parts were added later: Chapel of Henry VII was added between 1503 and 1512, while the two towers to the Western Front dated 1745. The latest entry in the north is the church, completed in the nineteenth century.
What to see
Henry III rebuilt the church in honor of Royal St. Edward the Confessor whose relics, together with the memorial, placed in the sanctuary. Shrine of St. Edward the Confessor was the center of attention at Westminster Abbey pilgrims since the Middle Ages.
Henry III was buried nearby Plantagenet kings of England as well, their wives and relatives. Thus, most kings and queens of England were buried here. However, Henry VIII and Charles I are buried at St George’s Chapel in Windsor Castle, as were all the kings of George II onward.
Aristocrats were buried in side chapels of Westminster Abbey, and monks and people associated with the church – in the monastery or in other places. One of these was Geoffrey Chaucer, who was brought here because they have apartments in the monastery, being hired as head of the king’s works.
Other poets were buried around Chaucer in their workplace. Afterwards, he became a great honor to be buried or memorialized here. The practice spread from aristocrats and poets to generals, admirals, politicians, scientists, doctors and others.
Ship
The nave is the highest in England. The ship can find the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, a soldier in World War I who died on the battlefield in France and was buried here in the soil brought from France. Nearby is a memorial plaque for Winston Churchill. His body was not buried in the monastery, the other prime ministers, but in Bladon.
Monastery
The monastery was built in XIII century. It was completely rebuilt after being destroyed by incenciu in 1298. It was used by Benedictine monks for meditation and exercise.
Surrendered
Capitulum beautiful octagonal (where the girls gather church) is one of the most beautiful of its kind in England. It has a floor that dates from 1250 and fourteenth-century murals.
Henry VII Chapel
Chapel of Henry VII (also called Lady Chapel), built between 1503 and 1512, is one of the most amazing chapels of his day with a magnificent vault. The chapel has large windows and a window of Battle of Britain memorial. Window, which dates from 1947 and replaces the original damaged during the Second World War pilots and crew commemorates military who died during the Battle of Britain in 1940.
Find out more
– Westminster Abbey has become a popular place for weddings Royal Princess Patricia of Connaught you chose for her marriage with the Honourable Alexander Ramsay in 1919. It was the first time in 650 years when the monastery was used for a royal wedding.
– While in St. Paul was held wedding Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer in 1981 at Westminster Abbey funeral for Diana was held in September 1997, days after he died in a car crash in Paris.
– In April 2002, Queen Mother funeral took place at Westminster Abbey. He died on March 30 at age of 101.
– Around 960 AD, Dunstan, bishop of London, established a group of Benedictine monks on the ‘island of Thorney’, a remote area on the banks of the River Thames.
– Edward the Confessor built a new church on the site, which was consecrated in 1065. Edward died a few days after the consecration, was buried in Westminster Abbey and was later canonized.
– Henry III in 1245 destroyed the whole church (except ships) and replaced it with the current stressed Gothic style building, specific time.
– From William the Conqueror, every English sovereign was crowned the Abbey, with the exception of Edward V, as every British sovereign from English and Scottish crowns union in 1603, except for Edward VIII. Edward V was deposed and probably murdered by his uncle Richard III. Edward VII abdicated to marry American Wallis Simpson, divorced.
– Many kings and queens are buried near one’s altar in the chapel of Edward the Confessor and Henry VII.
– Last sovereign buried in the Abbey was George II (died 1760), then, were all buried at Windsor Castle.
– Westminster Abbey is full of graves and memorials of British personalities, including Isaac Newton, David Livingstone and Ernest Rutherford.
– Part of the southern nave is known as Poets Corner and includes tombs of Geoffrey Chaucer, Ben Johnson (who was buried standing), John Dryden, Robert Browning and many others.
– North nave contains memorials of the people by the UK.
– Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, whose remains were brought from Flanders, Belgium in 1920, is the center of the ship, near the west door.
London restaurants
Their famous for curry, there are hundreds of Indian restaurants to choose from trendy Brick Lane to Mayfair. Head to Chinatown for Chinese cuisine in Soho, or African or Caribbean Brixton kitchen.
A city synonymous with celebrity names such as Jamie Oliver cooks large and Gordon Ramsay, visitors can experience a very refined cuisine of the country, but with a certain price. For a royal dinner in town, you can go in Mayfair, Covent Garden, Soho or Chelsea, but be prepared to pay. For a complete Chinese experience, the traditional fish and chips is on the agenda. Take it to pack and move to the nearest park for a high-fat snack. If the weather is as usual, then go into a gastropub in place and experience some English dishes that you lubricate the soul.
Eating in the city in London is expensive, but a sandwich lunch and a drink should not cost more than € 5 and even a standard dinner at a restaurant, excluding drinks, should cost around 10 €.
London Shopping
A European shopping Mecca, London has fantastic clothes shops with famous companies that are hiding around every corner. Visit the famous Oxford and Regent streets for large firms such as Gap, Zara, Topshop, H & M and United Colours of Benetton. Do not be intimidated by their extravagant exteriors, some stores are quite convenient. For music lovers Virgin or HMV are shops where you can even see a famous musician because interpretations of advertising are often held in these stores.
Renowned for its shops, Camden in north London has become one of the four most visited sightseeing in London. A refuge for punkeri, Gothic and other alternative subcultures range of retro clothing stalls and shops offer extravagant, colorful accessories and costumes for parties that really modern must be seen to be believed.
For a pleasant weekend spent outside the home, shop Portobello is a real gem (look for farm shop nearby). Made famous by the romantic Hollywood movie “Notting Hill”, there are many interesting cafes, traders and stalls selling cheap clothes, jewelry and music.
If you are a gourmand, then headed out to shop Borough, adjacent to London Bridge. Dedicated to gastronomy, visitors can experience the home-made Pâté can buy fresh cherries, olive oil, sweet cakes and everything like. General herbs can be purchased from one of the largest chain stores in England, such as Tesco, Marks and Spencer, Waitrose and Sainsbury’s.
Nightlife in London
Nightlife in London is great, with something for everyone and for almost every type of occasion, the vibrant dance floors of the most famous clubs in the world to quiet lounges and bars and intimate.
Those who want to spend and man glory in this image clubs will love, filled with famous DJ locally or internationally, while countless bars and independent theaters intimate live music performances will amaze you. In any night will be at least one international or local band will perform on at least one of the streets around this vibrant metropolis.
West End is home to many especially bars, clubs and restaurants, and Soho is one of the most fashionable places to drink. Notting Hill and Portobello Road areas, always in fashion, still attracting many tourists and local areas such as Camden and Angel in North Clapham and Brixton in south and underscore the fantastic bars and pubs, all with their own unique flavor.
Those who want a drink and some quiet conversation should proceed to one of the many traditional English pubs scattered throughout the city, where you can enjoy the finest beers, blonde or black, and whiskey’s cidruri distillates.
West End is also known as “Country theater,” and those who feel a Broadway-style theater should go to the Lyceum Theatre Queen’s Theatre or to catch a show or a musical. And while there, culture lovers can enjoy an evening at Covent Garden Royal Opera and Ballet Royal watching and classical music lovers can go to the Albert Hall.
There are also plenty of avant-garde theaters outside the West End’s young professionals and amateurs who plays everything from classical to cabaret songs. Places include the usual avant-garde theaters in small rooms full of some of the above pubs. Other non-commercial theaters including the famous National Theatre, Royal Shakespeare Company, Old Vic Theatre and Global.
Climate in London
London’s climate is temperate, with daytime maximum temperatures in summer modest (except strange wave of heat) and low in winter, they often fall below freezing. Rain is common, but most often in the form of drizzle, occurring throughout the year. Snow sometimes falls in winter, but rarely sits for more than a few millimeters.